Add containers project with CMake setup and array-related functionality

- Implement `printArrayAtPosition` in `functions.cpp` with input validation.
- Created `main.cpp` to demonstrate array operations using C arrays and `std::vector`.
- Updated `ClassA` and `IComparable` with constructors, destructors, and deep copy logic.
- Adjusted IntelliJ project configuration for new containers module.

cpp/classes/ClassA.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,36 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
+ClassA::ClassA() : IComparable(), _number(0), _pDecimal(new float(0.0f))
+{
+    std::cout << "ClassA created" << std::endl;
+
+    // _pDecimal = new float(0.0f);
+}
+
+ClassA::ClassA(const ClassA &other) :
+    IComparable(other),
+    _number(other._number),
+    _pDecimal(new float(*other._pDecimal))
+{
+    std::cout << "ClassA copy created" << std::endl;
+
+    // shallow copy
+    // _number = other._number;
+    // _pDecimal = other._pDecimal;
+
+    // deep copy
+    // _number = other._number;
+    // _pDecimal = new float(*other._pDecimal);
+}
+
+ClassA::~ClassA() {
+    std::cout << "ClassA destroyed" << std::endl;
+
+    delete _pDecimal;
+    _pDecimal = nullptr;
+}
+
 void ClassA::Print()
 {
     std::cout << "ClassA" << std::endl;

cpp/classes/ClassA.h

@@ -8,15 +8,23 @@ class ClassA : public IComparable {
 
 public:
     // public
+    ClassA(); // default constructor
+    ClassA(const ClassA& other); // copy constructor
+    ~ClassA() override; // destructor
+
     void Print();
     int CompareTo(IComparable* other) override;
 
+    const float& GetDecimal() const { return *_pDecimal; }
+    void SetDecimal(float decimal) { *_pDecimal = decimal; }
+
 protected:
     // protected
 
 private:
     // private
     int _number = 0;
+    float* _pDecimal = nullptr;
 };
 
 

cpp/classes/IComparable.h

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef CLASSES_ICOMPARABLE_H
 #define CLASSES_ICOMPARABLE_H
+#include <iostream>
 
 class IComparable {
 public:
+    // only for presentation purpose
+    IComparable() { std::cout << "IComparable created" << std::endl; }
+    virtual ~IComparable() { std::cout << "IComparable destroyed" << std::endl; }
+
     virtual int CompareTo(IComparable* other) = 0;
 };
 

cpp/classes/main.cpp

@@ -13,5 +13,18 @@ int main() {
 
     a.CompareTo(pA);
 
+    IComparable* pComparable = nullptr;
+    pComparable = new ClassA();
+    pComparable->CompareTo(&a);
+    // pA = dynamic_cast<ClassA *>(pComparable);
+    // if (pA != nullptr) {
+    //     pA->Print();
+    // }
+    delete pComparable;
+    pComparable = nullptr;
+
+    ClassA a2 = a;
+
+
     return 0;
 }