Added: D3D9 project and Window creation

2026-09-29 21:27:29 +02:00
parent f546f7cddd
commit dab9bff2ca
21 changed files with 1205 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "Camera.h"
+
+UINT Camera::init(UINT width, UINT height)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void Camera::update(FLOAT dt)
+{
+}
+
+void Camera::deInit()
+{
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <d3d9.h>
+
+class Camera
+{
+public:
+	UINT init(UINT width, UINT height);
+	void update(FLOAT dt);
+	void deInit();
+
+private:
+	D3DMATRIX _viewMatrix = {};
+	D3DMATRIX _projectionMatrix = {};
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project DefaultTargets="Build" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>x64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|ARM64">
+      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
+      <Platform>ARM64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|ARM64">
+      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
+      <Platform>ARM64</Platform>
+    </ProjectConfiguration>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
+    <VCProjectVersion>17.0</VCProjectVersion>
+    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
+    <ProjectGuid>{0a0fc4ef-7b17-42cf-9ac6-b54b176258a5}</ProjectGuid>
+    <RootNamespace>D3D9</RootNamespace>
+    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
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+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM64'" Label="Configuration">
+    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
+    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
+    <PlatformToolset>v143</PlatformToolset>
+    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
+    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
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+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
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+  <ImportGroup Label="Shared">
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+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
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+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
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+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
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+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
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+  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM64'">
+    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
+  </ImportGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
+      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
+      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|ARM64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|ARM64'">
+    <ClCompile>
+      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
+      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
+      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
+      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
+      <PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
+      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <Link>
+      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
+      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
+    </Link>
+  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="Camera.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Direct3D.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Light.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Material.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Mesh.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Time.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Utilities.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Window.cpp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="Camera.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Direct3D.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Light.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Material.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Mesh.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Time.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Utilities.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Window.h" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
+  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
+  </ImportGroup>
+</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Filter Include="Source Files">
+      <UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier>
+      <Extensions>cpp;c;cc;cxx;c++;cppm;ixx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx</Extensions>
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+      <Extensions>rc;ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe;resx;tiff;tif;png;wav;mfcribbon-ms</Extensions>
+    </Filter>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClCompile Include="Camera.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Direct3D.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Light.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="main.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Material.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Mesh.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Time.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Utilities.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Window.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ClInclude Include="Camera.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Direct3D.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Light.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Material.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Mesh.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Time.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Utilities.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Window.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "Direct3D.h"
+
+INT Direct3D::init(HWND hWnd, UINT width, UINT height, BOOL isFullscreen)
+{
+	// 1. create connection to Direct3D API
+
+	// 2. check compatibility
+
+	// 3. define presentation parameters
+
+	// 4. create Direct3D device
+
+	// 5. tidy up
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void Direct3D::beginScene()
+{
+}
+
+void Direct3D::endScene()
+{
+}
+
+void Direct3D::deInit()
+{
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <d3d9.h>
+
+#pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
+
+class Direct3D
+{
+public:
+	INT init(HWND hWnd, UINT width, UINT height, BOOL isFullscreen);
+	void beginScene();
+	void endScene();
+	void deInit();
+
+	IDirect3DDevice9* getDevice() const { return _pD3DDevice; }
+
+private:
+	IDirect3DDevice9* _pD3DDevice = nullptr; // our interface for api communication
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#include "Light.h"
+
+UINT Light::init()
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void Light::update(FLOAT dt)
+{
+}
+
+void Light::render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+}
+
+void Light::deInit()
+{
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <d3d9.h>
+
+class Light
+{
+public:
+	UINT init();
+	void update(FLOAT dt);
+	void render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+	void deInit();
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include "Material.h"
+#include "Utilities.h"
+
+UINT Material::init(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice, LPCTSTR textureFileName)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void Material::render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+}
+
+void Material::deInit()
+{
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <d3d9.h>
+
+class Material
+{
+public:
+	UINT init(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice, LPCTSTR textureFileName);
+	void render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+	void deInit();
+
+private:
+	IDirect3DTexture9* _texture = {};
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#include "Mesh.h"
+#include "Utilities.h"
+
+UINT Mesh::init(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+    UINT error = 0;
+
+    error = createVertexBuffer(pD3DDevice);
+    CheckError(error);
+
+    error = createIndexBuffer(pD3DDevice);
+    CheckError(error);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void Mesh::update(FLOAT dt)
+{
+}
+
+void Mesh::render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+}
+
+void Mesh::deInit()
+{
+    safeRelease(_pIndexBuffer);
+    safeRelease(_pVertexBuffer);
+}
+
+UINT Mesh::createVertexBuffer(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+UINT Mesh::createIndexBuffer(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice)
+{
+    return 0;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <d3d9.h>
+
+class Mesh
+{
+public:
+	UINT init(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+	void update(FLOAT dt);
+	void render(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+	void deInit();
+
+private:
+	UINT createVertexBuffer(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+	UINT createIndexBuffer(IDirect3DDevice9* pD3DDevice);
+
+	IDirect3DVertexBuffer9* _pVertexBuffer = nullptr; // dumps mesh vertices
+	IDirect3DIndexBuffer9* _pIndexBuffer = nullptr; // dumps mesh indices
+
+	UINT _vertexCount = 0; // amount of vertices
+	UINT _vertexStride = 0; // size of one vertex in bytes
+	UINT _indexCount = 0; // amount of indices
+
+	D3DMATRIX _worldMatrix = {};
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "Time.h"
+
+UINT Time::init()
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void Time::update()
+{
+}
+
+void Time::deInit()
+{
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <Windows.h>
+#include <chrono>
+
+using namespace std;
+
+class Time
+{
+public:
+	UINT init();
+	void update();
+	void deInit();
+
+	FLOAT getDeltaTime() const { return _deltaTime; }
+
+private:
+	FLOAT _deltaTime = 0.0f;
+};
+
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#include "Utilities.h"
+
+void ShowError(UINT error)
+{
+#if _DEBUG
+	LPCTSTR msg = TEXT("Application quit with an error: ");
+#if UNICODE
+	msg = (std::wstring(msg) + std::to_wstring(error)).c_str();
+#else // UNICODE
+	msg = (std::string(msg) + std::to_string(error)).c_str();
+#endif // UNICODE
+	MessageBox(nullptr, msg, TEXT("Error"), MB_OK);
+#endif // DEBUG
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <Windows.h>
+#include <string>
+
+void ShowError(UINT error);
+
+#define CheckError(x) if (x != 0) \
+{ \
+	ShowError(x); \
+	return x; \
+}
+
+#define CheckFailed(hr, x) if (FAILED(hr)) \
+{ \
+	ShowError(x); \
+	return x; \
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+void safeRelease(T*& obj)
+{
+	if (obj != nullptr)
+	{
+		obj->Release();
+		obj = nullptr;
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#include "Window.h"
+
+INT Window::init(HINSTANCE hInstance, UINT width, UINT height)
+{
+	// 1. describe window class
+	WNDCLASS wc = {};
+	wc.hInstance = hInstance;
+	wc.lpszClassName = TEXT("D3D9");
+	wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc; // callback function for windows to communicate with our application
+	wc.hbrBackground = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0, 255, 0));
+	wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
+	wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(nullptr, IDI_APPLICATION);
+	wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC; // technical behaviour
+
+	// 2. register window class
+	if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) return 100;
+
+	// 3. adjust window size (optional)
+	DWORD style = {};
+	style = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW; // window with border & title
+	//style = WS_POPUP; // plain window without any decorations
+
+	// fullscreen
+	//width = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXVIRTUALSCREEN);
+	//height = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYVIRTUALSCREEN);
+
+	RECT rect = { 100, 100, 100 + width, 100 + height }; // left-top corner, right-bottom corner
+	AdjustWindowRect(&rect, style, FALSE);
+
+	// 4. create window instance
+	_hWnd = CreateWindow(
+		wc.lpszClassName, // class name of window class to be instantiated
+		wc.lpszClassName, // window title
+		style, // visual style
+		rect.left, rect.top, // left-top corner position
+		rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top, // window size
+		nullptr, // handle to parent window
+		nullptr, // handle to menu instance
+		hInstance,
+		nullptr // pointer to optional parameter
+	);
+	if (_hWnd == nullptr) return 110;
+
+	// 5. show window
+	ShowWindow(_hWnd, SW_SHOW);
+	SetFocus(_hWnd);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+BOOL Window::run()
+{
+	// 6. run window
+	// GetMessage - synchronous call which holds until a new message arrives
+	// PeekMessage - get last message from message queue or nothing if there is no one left
+	// TranslateMessage - translates keyboard input (scan code -> virtual key code)
+	// DispatchMessage - send message to WindowProcedure
+
+	MSG msg = {};
+	if (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, UINT_MAX, PM_REMOVE))
+	{
+		TranslateMessage(&msg);
+		DispatchMessage(&msg);
+	}
+
+	return msg.message != WM_QUIT;
+}
+
+void Window::deInit()
+{
+}
+
+LRESULT WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
+{
+	switch (msg)
+	{
+	case WM_CLOSE:
+		DestroyWindow(hWnd);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WM_DESTROY:
+		PostQuitMessage(0);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WM_KEYDOWN:
+		if (wParam == VK_ESCAPE) DestroyWindow(hWnd);
+		return 0;
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <Windows.h>
+
+class Window
+{
+public:
+	INT init(HINSTANCE hInstance, UINT width, UINT height);
+	BOOL run();
+	void deInit();
+
+	HWND getWindowHandle() const { return _hWnd; }
+
+private:
+	HWND _hWnd = nullptr; // handle to window instance
+};
+
+LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+#include <Windows.h>
+#include "Window.h"
+#include "Direct3D.h"
+#include "Mesh.h"
+#include "Material.h"
+#include "Camera.h"
+#include "Time.h"
+#include "Light.h"
+#include "Utilities.h"
+
+int WINAPI WinMain(
+	HINSTANCE hInstance, // handle to instance of application
+	HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, // deprecated
+	PSTR szCmdLine, // command line
+	int nCmdShow // how should the window be opened (minimized, maximized or normal)
+)
+{
+	// some constant values
+	const UINT width = 640;
+	const UINT height = 480;
+	const BOOL isFullscreen = FALSE;
+
+	UINT error = 0; // error code for identifying errors
+
+	// 1. create window
+	Window window = {};
+	error = window.init(hInstance, width, height);
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 2. create connection to Direct3D
+	Direct3D d3d = {};
+	error = d3d.init(window.getWindowHandle(), width, height, isFullscreen);
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 3. create a mesh
+	Mesh mesh = {};
+	error = mesh.init(d3d.getDevice());
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 4. create a camera
+	Camera camera = {};
+	error = camera.init(width, height);
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 5. create time
+	Time time = {};
+	error = time.init();
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 6. create a material
+	Material material = {};
+	error = material.init(d3d.getDevice(), TEXT("wall.jpg"));
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 7. create light source
+	Light light = {};
+	error = light.init();
+	CheckError(error);
+
+	// 8. run application
+	while (window.run())
+	{
+		// 8.1. update objects
+		time.update();
+		mesh.update(time.getDeltaTime());
+		camera.update(time.getDeltaTime());
+		light.update(time.getDeltaTime());
+
+		// 8.2. render objects
+		d3d.beginScene();
+
+		light.render(d3d.getDevice());
+		material.render(d3d.getDevice());
+		mesh.render(d3d.getDevice());
+
+		d3d.endScene();
+	}
+
+	// 9. tidy up
+	light.deInit();
+	time.deInit();
+	camera.deInit();
+	material.deInit();
+	mesh.deInit();
+	d3d.deInit();
+	window.deInit();
+
+	return 0;
+}