add casts

add inline
add template

CPlusPlus/Classes/Classes.vcxproj

@@ -180,12 +180,14 @@
     <ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Monster.cpp" />
     <ClCompile Include="Ork.cpp" />
+    <ClCompile Include="Troll.cpp" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="Entity.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="ICompareable.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Monster.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Ork.h" />
+    <ClInclude Include="Troll.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Vector3.h" />
     <ClInclude Include="Weapon.h" />
   </ItemGroup>

CPlusPlus/Classes/Classes.vcxproj.filters

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
     <ClCompile Include="Ork.cpp">
       <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
     </ClCompile>
+    <ClCompile Include="Troll.cpp">
+      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
+    </ClCompile>
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <ClInclude Include="Entity.h">
@@ -47,5 +50,8 @@
     <ClInclude Include="Weapon.h">
       <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
+    <ClInclude Include="Troll.h">
+      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
+    </ClInclude>
   </ItemGroup>
 </Project>

CPlusPlus/Classes/Entity.h

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ public:
 	Entity(std::string name);
 
 	virtual std::string toString() { return "Entity"; } // declared & defined, only use that for one liners
-	std::string getName() { return _name; }
-	void setName(std::string name) { _name = name; }
+	const std::string& getName() const { return _name; }
+	void setName(const std::string& name) { _name = name; }
 
 protected:
 	std::string _name = "";

CPlusPlus/Classes/Troll.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "Troll.h"
+
+void Troll::Move(Vector3 move)
+{
+}

CPlusPlus/Classes/Troll.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "Monster.h"
+
+class Troll : public Monster
+{
+	std::string toString() override { return "Troll"; }
+
+	// Inherited via Monster
+	void Move(Vector3 move) override;
+};
+

CPlusPlus/Classes/main.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "Vector3.h"
 #include "ICompareable.h"
 #include "Ork.h"
+#include "Troll.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
@@ -45,5 +46,57 @@ int main()
 
 	Ork ork2 = ork; // should be a individual instances with their own values and weapons
 
+	// casts
+	// c cast
+	int number = -10000000;
+	unsigned short smallPositiveNumber = (unsigned short)number;
+	int* pNumber = &number;
+	unsigned short* pSmallPositiveNumber = (unsigned short*)pNumber;
+	float fNumber = (float)number;
+	float* pFNumber = (float*)pNumber;
+	int* pNumbers = new int[10];
+	void** ppVoids = (void**)&pNumbers;
+	Monster* pMonster = new Ork();
+	Ork* pOrk = (Ork*)pMonster;
+	std::string toString = pOrk->toString();
+
+	// static_cast
+	smallPositiveNumber = static_cast<unsigned short>(number);
+	//pSmallPositiveNumber = static_cast<unsigned short*>(pNumber);
+	fNumber = static_cast<float>(number);
+	//pFNumber = static_cast<float*>(pNumber);
+	//ppVoids = static_cast<void**>(&pNumbers);
+	pOrk = static_cast<Ork*>(pMonster);
+	//Weapon* weapon = static_cast<Weapon*>(pMonster);
+	Monster* pMonster2 = new Troll();
+	pOrk = static_cast<Ork*>(pMonster2); // is running, but it is not the same type
+	toString = pOrk->toString();
+
+	// dynamic cast
+	pOrk = dynamic_cast<Ork*>(pMonster2); // better use for polymorphic cast, because of runtime check
+	//toString = pOrk->toString();
+
+	// reinterpret cast
+	//smallPositiveNumber = reinterpret_cast<unsigned short>(number);
+	pSmallPositiveNumber = reinterpret_cast<unsigned short*>(pNumber);
+	pFNumber = reinterpret_cast<float*>(pNumber);
+
+	// const cast
+	const char* sz = "Test";
+	//char* sz2 = sz;
+	char* sz2 = const_cast<char*>(sz);
+
+	const std::string str = "Test";
+	std::string str2 = str;
+	str.c_str(); // if you need a zero terminated string
+
+	delete[] pNumbers;
+	pNumbers = nullptr;
+	delete pMonster;
+	pMonster = nullptr;
+	pOrk = nullptr;
+	delete pMonster2;
+	pMonster2 = nullptr;
+
 	return 0;
 }