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add forward declaration examples

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add class & inheritance examples
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david
2025-03-19 12:31:23 +01:00
parent f10623163b
commit 4a753b0b8d
17 changed files with 665 additions and 1 deletions
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CPlusPlus/CPlusPlus.sln
+29 -1
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@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
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CPlusPlus/Classes/Classes.vcxproj
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CPlusPlus/Classes/Entity.cpp
+16
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#include "Entity.h"
Entity::Entity()
{
}
Entity::Entity(std::string name) : name(name)
{
//this->name = name;
}
std::string Entity::ToString()
{
return name;
}
CPlusPlus/Classes/Entity.h
+14
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@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
#pragma once
#include <string>
class Entity
{
public:
Entity();
Entity(std::string name);
virtual std::string ToString();
std::string name = "";
}; // IMPORTANT: semicolon at the end
CPlusPlus/Classes/ICompareable.h
+7
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@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
#pragma once
class ICompareable
{
public:
virtual int Compare(ICompareable* other) = 0;
};
CPlusPlus/Classes/Monster.cpp
+18
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@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
#include "Monster.h"
Monster::Monster(int strength) : Entity("My Monster"), _strength(strength)
{
this->name = "My Monster";
}
std::string Monster::ToString()
{
return name + " " + "(" + std::to_string(_strength) + ")";
// TODO: show format
}
int Monster::Compare(ICompareable* other)
{
// TODO: implement later
return 0;
}
CPlusPlus/Classes/Monster.h
+16
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@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
#pragma once
#include "Entity.h"
#include "ICompareable.h"
class Monster : public Entity, public ICompareable
{
public:
Monster(int strength);
virtual void Move() = 0; // abstract (pure virtual method)
std::string ToString() override;
int Compare(ICompareable* other) override;
protected:
int _strength = 0;
};
CPlusPlus/Classes/Ork.cpp
+11
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@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
#include "Ork.h"
Ork::Ork() : Monster(10)
{
//this->_strength = 10;
this->name = "My Ork";
}
void Ork::Move()
{
}
CPlusPlus/Classes/Ork.h
+11
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@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
#pragma once
#include "Monster.h"
class Ork : public Monster
{
public:
Ork();
void Move() override;
};
CPlusPlus/Classes/Vector3.h
+11
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@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
#pragma once
struct Vector3
{
float x;
float y;
float z;
Vector3() : x(0.0f), y(0.0f), z(0.0f) {}
Vector3(float x, float y, float z) : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
};
CPlusPlus/Classes/main.cpp
+27
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#include <iostream>
#include "Entity.h"
#include "Ork.h"
#include "Vector3.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Entity entity; // this is an entity instance
entity.name = "My Entity";
//Monster monster; // can't be instantiated, because Monster is abstract
Ork ork;
ork.name = "My Ork";
ork.Move();
cout << entity.ToString() << endl;
cout << ork.ToString() << endl;
Vector3 position(1.0f, 3.0f, -5.0f);
position.y = 0.0f;
return 0;
}
CPlusPlus/forward_declaration/forward_declaration.vcxproj
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<ClCompile>
<WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
<FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
<IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
<SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
<PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
<ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
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<EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
<OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
<GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
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<ItemGroup>
<ClCompile Include="functions.cpp" />
<ClCompile Include="main.cpp" />
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<ItemGroup>
<ClInclude Include="functions.h" />
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<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
<ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
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CPlusPlus/forward_declaration/forward_declaration.vcxproj.filters
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<ItemGroup>
<Filter Include="Source Files">
<UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier>
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<UniqueIdentifier>{93995380-89BD-4b04-88EB-625FBE52EBFB}</UniqueIdentifier>
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<Filter>Source Files</Filter>
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CPlusPlus/forward_declaration/functions.cpp
+3
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#include "functions.h"
void functionE() {} // definition
CPlusPlus/forward_declaration/functions.h
+9
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@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
#pragma once
#ifndef _FUNCTIONS_H_
#define _FUNCTIONS_H_
void functionE(); // declaration
//void functionF() {} // defined & declared, linker error when included multiple times
#endif // _FUNCTIONS_H_
CPlusPlus/forward_declaration/main.cpp
+21
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#include "functions.h"
void functionB() {} // declared & defined
void functionC(); // declare
void functionD(); // foward declare
int main()
{
//functionA(); // compiler error, because function is declared & defined after this call
functionB(); // no error
//functionC(); // linker error, because function is declared, but not defined
functionD();
functionE();
//functionF(); // linker error, because header file was included multiple times with a definition
return 0;
}
void functionA() {} // declare & defined
void functionD() {} // definition