add forward declaration examples

add class & inheritance examples

CPlusPlus/Classes/Classes.vcxproj

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CPlusPlus/Classes/Classes.vcxproj.filters

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CPlusPlus/Classes/Entity.cpp

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+#include "Entity.h"
+
+Entity::Entity()
+{
+
+}
+
+Entity::Entity(std::string name) : name(name)
+{
+	//this->name = name;
+}
+
+std::string Entity::ToString()
+{
+	return name;
+}

CPlusPlus/Classes/Entity.h

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+#pragma once
+#include <string>
+
+class Entity
+{
+public:
+	Entity();
+	Entity(std::string name);
+
+	virtual std::string ToString();
+
+	std::string name = "";
+
+}; // IMPORTANT: semicolon at the end

CPlusPlus/Classes/ICompareable.h

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+#pragma once
+
+class ICompareable
+{
+public:
+	virtual int Compare(ICompareable* other) = 0;
+};

CPlusPlus/Classes/Monster.cpp

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+#include "Monster.h"
+
+Monster::Monster(int strength) : Entity("My Monster"), _strength(strength)
+{
+	this->name = "My Monster";
+}
+
+std::string Monster::ToString()
+{
+	return name + " " + "(" + std::to_string(_strength) + ")";
+	// TODO: show format
+}
+
+int Monster::Compare(ICompareable* other)
+{
+	// TODO: implement later
+	return 0;
+}

CPlusPlus/Classes/Monster.h

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+#pragma once
+#include "Entity.h"
+#include "ICompareable.h"
+
+class Monster : public Entity, public ICompareable
+{
+public:
+	Monster(int strength);
+
+	virtual void Move() = 0; // abstract (pure virtual method)
+	std::string ToString() override;
+	int Compare(ICompareable* other) override;
+
+protected:
+	int _strength = 0;
+};

CPlusPlus/Classes/Ork.cpp

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+#include "Ork.h"
+
+Ork::Ork() : Monster(10)
+{
+	//this->_strength = 10;
+	this->name = "My Ork";
+}
+
+void Ork::Move()
+{
+}

CPlusPlus/Classes/Ork.h

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+#pragma once
+#include "Monster.h"
+
+class Ork : public Monster
+{
+public:
+	Ork();
+
+	void Move() override;
+};
+

CPlusPlus/Classes/Vector3.h

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+#pragma once
+
+struct Vector3
+{
+	float x;
+	float y;
+	float z;
+
+	Vector3() : x(0.0f), y(0.0f), z(0.0f) {}
+	Vector3(float x, float y, float z) : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
+};

CPlusPlus/Classes/main.cpp

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+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "Entity.h"
+#include "Ork.h"
+#include "Vector3.h"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int main()
+{
+	Entity entity; // this is an entity instance
+	entity.name = "My Entity";
+
+	//Monster monster; // can't be instantiated, because Monster is abstract
+
+	Ork ork;
+	ork.name = "My Ork";
+	ork.Move();
+
+	cout << entity.ToString() << endl;
+	cout << ork.ToString() << endl;
+
+	Vector3 position(1.0f, 3.0f, -5.0f);
+	position.y = 0.0f;
+
+	return 0;
+}